CHAPTER VI

REGISTRATION OF CHARGES
 
 
77.Duty to register charges, etc.
 
(1) It shall be the duty of every company creating a charge within or outside India,
on its property or assets or any of its undertakings, whether tangible or otherwise, and
situated in or outside India, to register the particulars of the charge signed by the company
and the charge-holder together with the instruments, if any, creating such charge in such
form, on payment of such fees and in such manner as may be prescribed, with the Registrar
within thirty days of its creation:
Provided that the Registrar may, on an application by the company, allow such
registration to be made within a period of three hundred days of such creation on payment of
such additional fees as may be prescribed:
Provided further that if registration is not made within a period of three hundred days
of such creation, the company shall seek extension of time in accordance with section 87:
Provided also that any subsequent registration of a charge shall not prejudice any
right acquired in respect of any property before the charge is actually registered.
(2) Where a charge is registered with the Registrar under sub-section (1), he shall issue
a certificate of registration of such charge in such form and in such manner as may be prescribed
to the company and, as the case may be, to the person in whose favour the charge is created.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, no
charge created by a company shall be taken into account by the liquidator or any other
creditor unless it is duly registered under sub-section (1) and a certificate of registration of
such charge is given by the Registrar under sub-section (2).
(4) Nothing in sub-section (3) shall prejudice any contract or obligation for the repayment
of the money secured by a charge.
 
 
 
78. Application for registration of charge.

Where a company fails to register the charge within the period specified in section
77, without prejudice to its liability in respect of any offence under this Chapter, the person
in whose favour the charge is created may apply to the Registrar for registration of the
charge along with the instrument created for the charge, within such time and in such form
and manner as may be prescribed and the Registrar may, on such application, within a period
of fourteen days after giving notice to the company, unless the company itself registers the
charge or shows sufficient cause why such charge should not be registered, allow such
registration on payment of such fees, as may be prescribed:
Provided that where registration is effected on application of the person in whose
favour the charge is created, that person shall be entitled to recover from the company the
amount of any fees or additional fees paid by him to the Registrar for the purpose of registration
of charge.
 
 
 
79.Section 77 to apply in certain matters.
 
The provisions of section 77 relating to registration of charges shall, so far as may
be, apply to—
(a) a company acquiring any property subject to a charge within the meaning of
that section; or
(b) any modification in the terms or conditions or the extent or operation of any
charge registered under that section.
 
 
 
80.Date of notice of charge.
 
Where any charge on any property or assets of a company or any of its
undertakings is registered under section 77, any person acquiring such property, assets,
undertakings or part thereof or any share or interest therein shall be deemed to have notice
of the charge from the date of such registration.
 
 
 
81.Register of charges to be kept by Registrar.

(1) The Registrar shall, in respect of every company, keep a register containing
particulars of the charges registered under this Chapter in such form and in such manner as
may be prescribed.
(2) A register kept in pursuance of this section shall be open to inspection by any
person on payment of such fees as may be prescribed for each inspection.
 
 
 
82.Company to report satisfaction of charge.
 
(1) A company shall give intimation to the Registrar in the prescribed form, of the
payment or satisfaction in full of any charge registered under this Chapter within a period of
thirty days from the date of such payment or satisfaction and the provisions of sub-section
(1) of section 77 shall, as far as may be, apply to an intimation given under this section.
(2) The Registrar shall, on receipt of intimation under sub-section (1), cause a notice to
be sent to the holder of the charge calling upon him to show cause within such time not
exceeding fourteen days, as may be specified in such notice, as to why payment or satisfaction
in full should not be recorded as intimated to the Registrar, and if no cause is shown, by such
holder of the charge, the Registrar shall order that a memorandum of satisfaction shall be
entered in the register of charges kept by him under section 81 and shall inform the company
that he has done so:
Provided that the notice referred to in this sub-section shall not be required to be sent,
in case the intimation to the Registrar in this regard is in the specified form and signed by the
holder of charge.
(3) If any cause is shown, the Registrar shall record a note to that effect in the register
of charges and shall inform the company.
(4) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to affect the powers of the Registrar to
make an entry in the register of charges under section 83 or otherwise than on receipt of an
intimation from the company.
 
 
 
83.Power of Registrar to make entries of satisfaction and release in absence of intimation from company.
 
(1) The Registrar may, on evidence being given to his satisfaction with respect to
any registered charge,—
(a) that the debt for which the charge was given has been paid or satisfied in
whole or in part; or
(b) that part of the property or undertaking charged has been released from the
charge or has ceased to form part of the company’s property or undertaking,
enter in the register of charges a memorandum of satisfaction in whole or in part, or of the fact
that part of the property or undertaking has been released from the charge or has ceased to
form part of the company’s property or undertaking, as the case may be, notwithstanding the
fact that no intimation has been received by him from the company.
(2) The Registrar shall inform the affected parties within thirty days of making the
entry in the register of charges kept under sub-section (1) of section 81.
 
 
 
84. Intimation of appointment of receiver or manager.

(1) If any person obtains an order for the appointment of a receiver of, or of a
person to manage, the property, subject to a charge, of a company or if any person appoints
such receiver or person under any power contained in any instrument, he shall, within a
period of thirty days from the date of the passing of the order or of the making of the
appointment, give notice of such appointment to the company and the Registrar along with
a copy of the order or instrument and the Registrar shall, on payment of the prescribed fees,
register particulars of the receiver, person or instrument in the register of charges.
(2) Any person appointed under sub-section (1) shall, on ceasing to hold such
appointment, give to the company and the Registrar a notice to that effect and the Registrar
shall register such notice.
 
 
 
85.Company’s register of charges.

(1) Every company shall keep at its registered office a register of charges in such
form and in such manner as may be prescribed, which shall include therein all charges and
floating charges affecting any property or assets of the company or any of its undertakings,
indicating in each case such particulars as may be prescribed:
Provided that a copy of the instrument creating the charge shall also be kept at the
registered office of the company along with the register of charges.
(2) The register of charges and instrument of charges, kept under sub-section (1) shall
be open for inspection during business hours—
(a) by any member or creditor without any payment of fees; or
(b) by any other person on payment of such fees as may be prescribed,
subject to such reasonable restrictions as the company may, by its articles, impose.
 
 
 
86. Punishment for contravention.

If any company contravenes any provision of this Chapter, the company shall be
punishable with fine which shall not be less than one lakh rupees but which may extend to
ten lakh rupees and every officer of the company who is in default shall be punishable with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months or with fine which shall not be less
than twenty-five thousand rupees but which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both.
 
 
 
87.Rectification by Central Government in register of charges.

(1) The Central Government on being satisfied that—
(i) (a) the omission to file with the Registrar the particulars of any charge created
by a company or any charge subject to which any property has been acquired by a
company or any modification of such charge; or
(b) the omission to register any charge within the time required under this
Chapter or the omission to give intimation to the Registrar of the payment or the
satisfaction of a charge, within the time required under this Chapter; or
(c) the omission or mis-statement of any particular with respect to any such
charge or modification or with respect to any memorandum of satisfaction or other
entry made in pursuance of section 82 or section 83,
was accidental or due to inadvertence or some other sufficient cause or it is not of a
nature to prejudice the position of creditors or shareholders of the company; or
(ii) on any other grounds, it is just and equitable to grant relief,
it may on the application of the company or any person interested and on such terms and
conditions as it may seem to the Central Government just and expedient, direct that the time
for the filing of the particulars or for the registration of the charge or for the giving of
intimation of payment or satisfaction shall be extended or, as the case may require, that the
omission or mis-statement shall be rectified.
(2) Where the Central Government extends the time for the registration of a charge, the
order shall not prejudice any rights acquired in respect of the property concerned before the
charge is actually registered.